PhD Student, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge

Cosmology from galaxy clusters and the CMB.

I'm a PhD student at the University of Cambridge, working on cosmology from the cosmic microwave background and the large-scale structure it traces. Day to day, that splits into two things: confirming galaxy clusters picked up via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect using machine learning, and building agentic AI systems that can carry out pieces of that research themselves, writing the code, running the analysis, and interpreting what comes out. Both come together at the Infosys-Cambridge AI Centre, where I'm also based.

  • Cluster cosmology
  • tSZ cluster confirmation
  • Agentic AI for cosmology

About

I'm based at the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, where I work on cosmology, mostly pulling cosmological information out of galaxy clusters and the cosmic microwave background. I'm also affiliated with the Kavli Institute for Cosmology and the Infosys-Cambridge AI Centre.

At the moment I'm working on confirming clusters detected via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect, using machine learning. tSZ surveys throw up a lot of candidates, but not all of them turn out to be real clusters, so getting that confirmation step right matters if the resulting catalogue is going to be much use for cosmology. I'm supervised by Boris Bolliet.

Alongside that, I work on agentic AI for scientific discovery in cosmology: systems like CMBAgent that can plan an analysis, write the code, run it, and interpret the results, more like a research collaborator than a script you run once. I'm interested in how far that kind of agent-driven approach can go, and what it means for the way cosmology gets done.

This all started with my MPhil dissertation in Data Intensive Science at Cambridge, where I looked at parameter inference using diffusion models. It's stuck with me since, in how I think about using machine learning for cosmology.

Outside research, I enjoy sport and can often be found rowing on the River Cam. I also love being outdoors, whether that's hiking a new trail or exploring a city I haven't visited before, so my weekends and holidays tend to be spent outside wherever possible.

Current themes

01

tSZ cluster confirmation

Working out which cluster candidates picked up via the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect are real, and which are noise, using machine learning.

02

Cosmology from the CMB

Pulling cosmological constraints out of CMB data, including secondary effects like the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal.

03

Agentic AI for discovery

Building agentic tools, like CMBAgent, that can write code and run pipelines alongside a human scientist.

Selected work

2026

Competing with AI Scientists: Agent-Driven Approach to Astrophysics Research

Thomas Borrett, Licong Xu, Andy Nilipour, Boris Bolliet, Sebastien Pierre, Erwan Allys, Celia Lecat, Biwei Dai, Po-Wen Chang, Wahid Bhimji. arXiv:2604.09621

An agent-driven approach to cosmological parameter inference using CMBAgent, showing that a semi-autonomous AI workflow can hold its own against expert-designed solutions in a real scientific challenge.

Current roles

Primary

Cavendish Laboratory

PhD Student, University of Cambridge

Associated institute

Kavli Institute for Cosmology, Cambridge

Research links across cosmology, inference, and computational methods.

Research centre

Infosys-Cambridge AI Centre

Applying machine learning, including agentic AI systems, to cosmology and to scientific discovery more widely.

Collaboration

Simons Observatory

Member of the Simons Observatory collaboration.

Academic history

2025-Current

PhD

PhD Student, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge

2024 to 2025

MPhil in Data Intensive Science

University of Cambridge

2021 to 2024

BA in Natural Sciences

University of Cambridge, with Part II Astrophysics

Profiles and links

Recent updates

Current

Working on cluster confirmation for tSZ-detected galaxy clusters using machine learning, alongside ongoing work on agentic AI systems for cosmology.

April 2026

New arXiv paper: Competing with AI Scientists: Agent-Driven Approach to Astrophysics Research.

December 2025

Part of the KICC team awarded first place in Phase 1 of the NeurIPS 2025 FAIR Universe Weak Lensing Uncertainty Challenge.

Let's talk

I'm always happy to hear from fellow researchers, whether it's about collaborations, talks, or a project you think I'd enjoy.